1. What is Shear Force in Newtonian Fluids?

Shear force in Newtonian fluids is the force that causes layers of fluid to slide past one another. It is directly proportional to the velocity gradient and the fluid's viscosity, following Newton's law of viscosity.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the shear force formula:

Where:

• \( \mu \) — Dynamic viscosity (Pa·s)
• \( A \) — Contact area (m²)
• \( V \) — Velocity of fluid (m/s)
• \( d \) — Distance between two plates (m)

Explanation: The formula calculates the shear force required to maintain a velocity gradient in a Newtonian fluid between two parallel plates.

3. Importance of Shear Force Calculation

Details: Accurate shear force calculation is crucial for designing fluid systems, predicting flow behavior, and determining power requirements for pumping fluids through various systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter dynamic viscosity in Pa·s, contact area in m², velocity in m/s, and distance between plates in m. All values must be positive numbers greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a Newtonian fluid?
A: A Newtonian fluid is one whose viscosity remains constant regardless of the applied shear stress or shear rate. Water and air are common examples.

Q2: How does temperature affect viscosity?
A: For liquids, viscosity typically decreases with increasing temperature, while for gases, viscosity increases with temperature.

Q3: What are typical viscosity values for common fluids?
A: Water at 20°C has viscosity of about 0.001 Pa·s, while honey has viscosity around 2-10 Pa·s depending on temperature and composition.

Q4: When is this formula applicable?
A: This formula applies to laminar flow between parallel plates where the velocity profile is linear, and the fluid behaves as a Newtonian fluid.

Q5: What are the limitations of this calculation?
A: This calculation assumes steady-state flow, no-slip conditions at the boundaries, and is only valid for Newtonian fluids in laminar flow regimes.