1. What is Specific Gravity of Soil?

Specific Gravity of Soil is an important property of soil being related to density. It represents the ratio of the density of soil solids to the density of water at a specified temperature.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( G_s \) — Specific Gravity of Soil
• \( \rho_d \) — Dry Density (kg/m³)
• \( e \) — Void Ratio
• \( \gamma_{water} \) — Unit Weight of Water (kN/m³)

Explanation: This formula calculates the specific gravity of soil based on dry density, void ratio, and the unit weight of water.

3. Importance of Specific Gravity Calculation

Details: Specific gravity is crucial for determining soil properties, classifying soil types, and in various geotechnical engineering calculations including compaction, permeability, and shear strength.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter dry density in kg/m³, void ratio (dimensionless), and unit weight of water in kN/m³. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical range of specific gravity for soils?
A: Most common soil minerals have specific gravity values between 2.60 and 2.80.

Q2: Why is unit weight of water typically 9.81 kN/m³?
A: This value represents the unit weight of water at 4°C, which is the temperature at which water has its maximum density.

Q3: How does void ratio affect specific gravity?
A: Void ratio affects the relationship between dry density and specific gravity, as shown in the formula.

Q4: Can this formula be used for all soil types?
A: Yes, this formula is applicable for all soil types, though the specific gravity values may vary depending on mineral composition.

Q5: What are common applications of specific gravity in geotechnical engineering?
A: Specific gravity is used in soil classification, compaction calculations, phase relationships, and in determining other soil properties.