Specific Gravity Of Particle When Settling Velocity For Turbulent Settling Is Considered Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ \text{Specific Gravity of Particle} = \left( \frac{\text{Settling Velocity}}{1.8 \times \sqrt{\text{Acceleration due to Gravity} \times (\text{Specific Gravity of Sediment} - 1) \times \text{Diameter}}} \right)^2 + 1 \]

Settling Velocity:

m/s

Acceleration due to Gravity:

m/s²

Specific Gravity of Sediment:

Diameter:

Specific Gravity of Particle:

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1. What is Specific Gravity of Particle?

Specific Gravity of particle is the ratio of density of particle to density of standard material (usually water). It's a dimensionless quantity that indicates how dense a particle is compared to water.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

Settling Velocity — Terminal velocity of a particle in still fluid (m/s)
Acceleration due to Gravity — Gravitational acceleration (m/s²)
Specific Gravity of Sediment — Ratio of sediment density to water density
Diameter — Particle diameter (m)

Explanation: This formula calculates the specific gravity of particles based on their settling behavior in turbulent flow conditions.

3. Importance of Specific Gravity Calculation

Details: Calculating specific gravity of particles is crucial in sediment transport studies, hydraulic engineering, and environmental science for understanding particle behavior in fluid flow and designing appropriate sediment control measures.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter settling velocity in m/s, acceleration due to gravity in m/s² (default is 9.8 m/s²), specific gravity of sediment, and diameter in meters. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is turbulent settling?
A: Turbulent settling occurs when fluid flow around the particle is turbulent, characterized by high Reynolds numbers and chaotic fluid motion.

Q2: Why is 1.8 used in the formula?
A: The coefficient 1.8 is derived from empirical studies and represents the relationship between settling velocity and particle properties in turbulent flow conditions.

Q3: What are typical values for specific gravity of particles?
A: Most mineral particles have specific gravity between 2.5-2.7, while organic particles typically range from 1.0-1.5.

Q4: When is this formula applicable?
A: This formula is specifically designed for turbulent settling conditions where particle Reynolds numbers are high enough to create turbulent flow around the particle.

Q5: How does particle shape affect the calculation?
A: The formula assumes spherical particles. For non-spherical particles, equivalent spherical diameter should be used, and results may need adjustment based on shape factors.