1. What is Specific Weight of Fluid?

Specific Weight of Liquid in Piezometer is the ratio of a body's weight P to its volume V. It represents the weight per unit volume of a fluid and is an important property in fluid mechanics and hydraulics.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( S \) — Specific Weight of Liquid in Piezometer (N/m³)
• \( G_f \) — Specific Gravity of Fluid (dimensionless)
• \( \gamma_s \) — Specific Weight of Standard Fluid (N/m³)

Explanation: The specific weight of a fluid is calculated by multiplying its specific gravity by the specific weight of the standard reference fluid (typically water at 4°C).

3. Importance of Specific Weight Calculation

Details: Calculating specific weight is crucial for various engineering applications including buoyancy calculations, fluid statics, hydraulic systems design, and pressure measurement in piezometers.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the specific gravity of the fluid (dimensionless) and the specific weight of the standard reference fluid in N/m³. Both values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the standard reference fluid?
A: Water at 4°C is typically used as the standard reference fluid, with a specific weight of approximately 9810 N/m³.

Q2: How does specific weight differ from density?
A: Specific weight is weight per unit volume (N/m³), while density is mass per unit volume (kg/m³). They are related by gravity: γ = ρ × g.

Q3: What are typical specific weight values for common fluids?
A: Water: ~9810 N/m³, Mercury: ~133,100 N/m³, Air: ~12 N/m³ at standard conditions.

Q4: Why is specific weight important in piezometers?
A: Piezometers measure fluid pressure, and specific weight is needed to convert pressure readings to equivalent fluid heights using h = P/γ.

Q5: How does temperature affect specific weight?
A: Specific weight decreases with increasing temperature due to thermal expansion, which increases volume while weight remains constant.