1. What is the German Formula?

The German Formula calculates the speed of a train based on the speed factor, which is used to convert static rail load to dynamic rail load. It provides an estimation of train speed for engineering calculations.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the German formula:

Where:

• \( V_t \) — Speed of Train (km/h)
• \( F_{sf} \) — Speed Factor

Explanation: The formula uses a square root function to calculate train speed based on the speed factor, with 30000 as a constant conversion factor.

3. Importance of Speed Calculation

Details: Accurate speed estimation is crucial for railway engineering, track design, safety assessments, and determining dynamic load effects on railway infrastructure.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the speed factor value. The value must be valid (greater than 0).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the speed factor used for?
A: The speed factor is used to convert static rail load to dynamic rail load in railway engineering calculations.

Q2: What are typical speed factor values?
A: Speed factor values vary depending on track conditions, train type, and other factors, typically ranging from 1 to 4 for most applications.

Q3: When should this formula be used?
A: This formula is primarily used in railway engineering for preliminary speed estimations and dynamic load calculations.

Q4: Are there limitations to this formula?
A: This is an empirical formula and may not account for all variables affecting train speed. For precise calculations, more comprehensive models should be used.

Q5: What units does this calculator use?
A: The calculator outputs speed in kilometers per hour (km/h).