Stop-And-Wait ARQ Technique Calculator

Stop-And-Wait ARQ Technique Formula:

\[ R = \frac{Nwd \times L}{(H + Bwd \times Nwd) \times En} \]

Number of Word Message Consist (Nwd):

words

Information Bits (L):

bits

Header Bits (H):

bits

Number of Bits per Word (Bwd):

bits

Expected Number of Transmission (En):

transmissions

Stop-And-Wait ARQ Technique (R):

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1. What is the Stop-And-Wait ARQ Technique?

The Stop-And-Wait ARQ Technique is used in wireless communication to ensure reliable data transmission between a sender and a receiver. It's a flow control protocol where the sender waits for an acknowledgment before sending the next packet.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Stop-And-Wait ARQ formula:

\[ R = \frac{Nwd \times L}{(H + Bwd \times Nwd) \times En} \]

Where:

\( Nwd \) — Number of Word Message Consist (words)
\( L \) — Information Bits (bits)
\( H \) — Header Bits (bits)
\( Bwd \) — Number of Bits per Word (bits)
\( En \) — Expected Number of Transmission (transmissions)

Explanation: This formula calculates the efficiency of the Stop-And-Wait ARQ protocol by considering the ratio of useful information bits to the total transmitted bits including overhead and retransmissions.

3. Importance of Stop-And-Wait ARQ Calculation

Details: Calculating the efficiency of Stop-And-Wait ARQ is crucial for optimizing wireless communication systems, determining protocol performance, and designing reliable data transmission systems with appropriate error control mechanisms.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all required values in their respective units. Ensure all values are positive integers (except Expected Number of Transmission which can be decimal). Header Bits can be zero but other values must be greater than zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is ARQ in wireless communication?
A: ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request) is an error-control method for data transmission that uses acknowledgments and timeouts to achieve reliable data transmission.

Q2: How does Stop-And-Wait differ from other ARQ protocols?
A: Stop-And-Wait is the simplest ARQ protocol where the sender transmits one frame at a time and waits for acknowledgment before sending the next frame.

Q3: What factors affect the efficiency of Stop-And-Wait ARQ?
A: Efficiency is affected by propagation delay, transmission time, acknowledgment time, and error rate which determines the expected number of transmissions.

Q4: When is Stop-And-Wait ARQ most effective?
A: It's most effective in scenarios with short propagation delays and low error rates, or when simplicity is more important than high throughput.

Q5: What are the limitations of Stop-And-Wait ARQ?
A: The main limitation is low efficiency due to the waiting time between transmissions, especially in high-delay or high-error environments.