1. What is the Thickness Calculation Formula?

The formula calculates the required thickness of a cylindrical wire or vessel wall when subjected to internal fluid pressure, considering the longitudinal stress developed in the material.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( t \) — Thickness of wire (m)
• \( P_i \) — Internal pressure (Pa)
• \( D \) — Diameter of cylinder (m)
• \( \sigma_l \) — Longitudinal stress (Pa)

Explanation: This formula is derived from the thin-walled pressure vessel theory and calculates the minimum thickness required to withstand the internal pressure without exceeding the allowable longitudinal stress.

3. Importance of Thickness Calculation

Details: Accurate thickness calculation is crucial for designing pressure vessels, pipes, and cylindrical containers to ensure structural integrity and prevent failure under internal pressure.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter internal pressure in Pascals, diameter in meters, and longitudinal stress in Pascals. All values must be positive and non-zero.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is longitudinal stress in a cylinder?
A: Longitudinal stress is the stress acting along the length of the cylinder, parallel to its axis, caused by internal pressure.

Q2: When is this formula applicable?
A: This formula is valid for thin-walled cylinders where the thickness is small compared to the diameter (typically t < D/20).

Q3: What are typical units for these calculations?
A: While SI units (Pa and m) are used here, other unit systems can be used as long as consistency is maintained.

Q4: How does internal pressure affect thickness requirements?
A: Higher internal pressure requires greater thickness to maintain the same stress level in the material.

Q5: What safety factors should be considered?
A: Engineering designs typically include safety factors to account for material variations, manufacturing tolerances, and unexpected load conditions.