1. What is the Top Width given Energy Gradient Formula?

The Top Width given Energy Gradient formula calculates the top width of a channel section based on hydraulic gradient, slope, wetted surface area, and discharge. It's essential for open channel flow analysis and hydraulic engineering design.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( T \) — Top Width (m)
• \( i \) — Hydraulic Gradient to Head Loss
• \( m \) — Slope of Line
• \( [g] \) — Gravitational acceleration (9.80665 m/s²)
• \( S \) — Wetted Surface Area (m²)
• \( Q_{eg} \) — Discharge by Energy Gradient (m³/s)

Explanation: The formula relates channel geometry parameters to hydraulic gradient and discharge, providing the top width measurement.

3. Importance of Top Width Calculation

Details: Accurate top width calculation is crucial for channel design, flood prediction, sediment transport studies, and hydraulic structure design in civil and environmental engineering.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all parameters with appropriate units. Ensure slope (m) is not zero to avoid division by zero. All input values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is hydraulic gradient to head loss?
A: Hydraulic gradient represents the rate of change in hydraulic head per unit distance along the flow path.

Q2: How is slope of line determined?
A: Slope of line is typically determined from channel bed elevation measurements or energy grade line calculations.

Q3: What is wetted surface area?
A: Wetted surface area refers to the cross-sectional area of flow in the channel that is in contact with water.

Q4: When is this formula most applicable?
A: This formula is most applicable for steady, uniform flow conditions in open channels with known energy gradient.

Q5: Are there limitations to this equation?
A: The equation assumes specific flow conditions and may not be accurate for rapidly varied flow or complex channel geometries.