1. What is Torque?

Torque is described as the turning effect of force on the axis of rotation. In brief, it is a moment of force. It is characterized by τ and measured in Newton-meters (N·m).

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the torque formula:

Where:

• \( \tau \) — Torque (N·m)
• \( c_{t2} \) — Tangential Velocity at Exit (m/s)
• \( r_e \) — Exit Radius (m)
• \( c_{t1} \) — Tangential Velocity at Inlet (m/s)
• \( r_1 \) — Inlet Radius (m)

Explanation: This formula calculates the torque produced in a turbomachine by considering the difference between the angular momentum at exit and inlet.

3. Importance of Torque Calculation

Details: Accurate torque calculation is crucial for designing and analyzing turbomachinery, determining power output, and ensuring proper mechanical design of rotating systems.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter all values in appropriate units (m/s for velocities, m for radii). All values must be non-negative. The calculator will compute the torque in Newton-meters (N·m).

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the physical significance of torque in turbomachines?
A: Torque represents the rotational force that causes the rotor to spin, directly related to the power transfer between the fluid and the machine.

Q2: How does tangential velocity affect torque production?
A: Higher tangential velocities at larger radii result in greater torque production, as torque is proportional to both velocity and radius.

Q3: Can torque be negative?
A: Yes, negative torque indicates that the machine is acting as a pump or compressor rather than a turbine, requiring energy input instead of producing output.

Q4: What are typical torque values for industrial turbomachines?
A: Torque values vary widely depending on the machine size and application, ranging from small fractions of N·m in laboratory equipment to millions of N·m in large power generation turbines.

Q5: How is torque related to power in rotating systems?
A: Power is the product of torque and angular velocity (P = τ × ω), so torque directly determines the power output or input requirement of a rotating machine.