1. What is Unit Weight of Water?

Unit Weight of Fluid refers to the weight per unit volume, often expressed in N/m³ or lb/ft³. For water, it's typically 9810 N/m³ but varies with fluid density and temperature.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( \gamma_w \) — Unit Weight of Fluid (N/m³)
• \( F_D \) — Drag Force (N)
• \( m \) — Hydraulic Mean Depth (m)
• \( S \) — Bed Slope of a Sewer

Explanation: This formula calculates the unit weight of fluid based on the relationship between drag force, hydraulic mean depth, and bed slope in sewer systems.

3. Importance of Unit Weight Calculation

Details: Accurate calculation of unit weight is crucial for hydraulic engineering, sewer system design, and fluid flow analysis in various engineering applications.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter drag force in Newtons, hydraulic mean depth in meters, and bed slope as a dimensionless value. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical unit weight of water?
A: For pure water at 4°C, the unit weight is approximately 9810 N/m³ or 62.4 lb/ft³.

Q2: How does temperature affect unit weight?
A: Unit weight decreases slightly with increasing temperature due to thermal expansion and density changes.

Q3: What is hydraulic mean depth?
A: Hydraulic mean depth is the cross-sectional area of flow divided by the wetted perimeter, used to analyze fluid flow in channels.

Q4: Why is bed slope important in sewer design?
A: Proper bed slope ensures adequate flow velocity to prevent sedimentation and maintain self-cleansing action in sewer systems.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for fluids other than water?
A: Yes, the formula applies to any Newtonian fluid, though the results will vary based on the fluid's specific properties.