Unit Weight Of Water Given Dry Unit Weight And Percentage Of Air Voids Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ \gamma_{water} = \frac{\gamma_{dry} \times (1 + w \times G_s)}{G_s \times (1 - n_a)} \]

Dry Unit Weight (γ_dry):

N/m³

Water Content of Soil (w):

Specific Gravity of Soil (G_s):

Percentage of Air Voids (n_a):

(0-1)

Unit Weight of Water (γ_water):

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1. What is Unit Weight of Water?

Unit Weight of Water is the weight per unit volume of water, typically measured in Newton per cubic meter (N/m³) in soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ \gamma_{water} = \frac{\gamma_{dry} \times (1 + w \times G_s)}{G_s \times (1 - n_a)} \]

Where:

\( \gamma_{water} \) — Unit Weight of Water (N/m³)
\( \gamma_{dry} \) — Dry Unit Weight of soil (N/m³)
\( w \) — Water Content of Soil
\( G_s \) — Specific Gravity of Soil
\( n_a \) — Percentage of Air Voids (0-1)

Explanation: This formula calculates the unit weight of water based on soil properties including dry unit weight, water content, specific gravity, and percentage of air voids.

3. Importance of Unit Weight Calculation

Details: Calculating unit weight of water is essential in geotechnical engineering for determining soil properties, analyzing soil stability, and designing foundations and earth structures.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter dry unit weight in N/m³, water content as a decimal value, specific gravity of soil, and percentage of air voids as a value between 0 and 1. All values must be valid and positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is the typical unit weight of water?
A: The unit weight of pure water is approximately 9810 N/m³ at standard conditions.

Q2: How does air voids affect unit weight calculation?
A: Higher percentage of air voids decreases the denominator value, which increases the calculated unit weight of water.

Q3: What is the range for percentage of air voids?
A: Percentage of air voids typically ranges from 0 to 0.4 (0% to 40%) in most soils.

Q4: Why is specific gravity important in this calculation?
A: Specific gravity relates the density of soil solids to the density of water, making it a crucial factor in unit weight calculations.

Q5: Can this calculator be used for all soil types?
A: This formula is generally applicable for most soil types, but results should be verified with laboratory tests for critical applications.