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Velocity of Piston refers to the speed or rate at which the piston moves within a mechanical system, typically in reciprocating or linear motion. During extension, this velocity determines how quickly the piston extends from its housing.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The velocity of the piston is directly proportional to the discharge rate and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the piston.
Details: Calculating piston velocity is crucial for designing hydraulic and pneumatic systems, determining system performance, ensuring proper operation timing, and preventing damage from excessive speeds.
Tips: Enter discharge in m³/s and area of piston in m². Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.
Q1: What factors affect piston velocity?
A: Piston velocity is primarily determined by fluid flow rate and piston cross-sectional area. System pressure, fluid viscosity, and mechanical constraints may also influence actual velocity.
Q2: What are typical piston velocity values?
A: Typical piston velocities range from 0.1-1.5 m/s for hydraulic systems and 0.5-3 m/s for pneumatic systems, depending on application requirements.
Q3: How does piston velocity affect system performance?
A: Higher velocities increase system throughput but may cause vibration, noise, and increased wear. Lower velocities provide smoother operation but reduce productivity.
Q4: Can this formula be used for both extension and retraction?
A: Yes, the same formula applies to both directions, though area values may differ if the piston rod affects the effective area during retraction.
Q5: What units should be used for accurate calculation?
A: Use consistent SI units: discharge in cubic meters per second (m³/s) and area in square meters (m²) for velocity in meters per second (m/s).