1. What is the Vertical Distance Formula?

The Vertical Distance formula calculates the vertical distance between the center of transit and a point on the rod intersected by the middle horizontal crosshair using staff intercept, vertical angle, revolution of screw, and distance in one turn.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the Vertical Distance formula:

Where:

• \( V \) — Vertical Distance (m)
• \( si \) — Staff Intercept (m)
• \( x \) — Vertical Angle (rad)
• \( m \) — Revolution of Screw (rev)
• \( c \) — Distance in One Turn (m)

Explanation: The formula accounts for trigonometric relationships and mechanical properties of the gradienter to determine vertical distance accurately.

3. Importance of Vertical Distance Calculation

Details: Accurate vertical distance measurement is crucial for surveying, construction, and engineering applications where precise elevation differences need to be determined.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter staff intercept in meters, vertical angle in radians, revolution of screw in revolutions, and distance in one turn in meters. All values must be positive.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is staff intercept?
A: Staff intercept is the difference in reading between top and bottom cross hairs on a surveying staff.

Q2: Why is vertical angle measured in radians?
A: Radians are used because trigonometric functions in programming languages typically use radians as the default unit.

Q3: What is revolution of screw?
A: Revolution of screw is the number of revolutions made for the micrometer screw in the gradienter.

Q4: What is distance in one turn?
A: Distance in one turn is the distance by which the line of sight moves by one revolution of the screw.

Q5: When is this formula typically used?
A: This formula is commonly used in surveying with gradienter instruments to measure vertical distances and elevation differences.