1. What is Void Ratio?

Void Ratio is the ratio of the volume of voids to the volume of solids in a soil mass. It is a fundamental parameter in soil mechanics that helps characterize the density and compaction of soil.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• \( e \) — Void Ratio
• \( G \) — Specific Gravity of Particle
• \( \gamma_{water} \) — Unit Weight of Water (typically 9.81 kN/m³)
• \( \gamma_{dry} \) — Dry Unit Weight of soil

Explanation: This formula calculates the void ratio by relating the specific gravity of soil particles, unit weight of water, and the dry unit weight of the soil mass.

3. Importance of Void Ratio Calculation

Details: Void ratio is crucial in geotechnical engineering for determining soil compressibility, permeability, and shear strength. It helps in designing foundations, embankments, and other soil structures.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter specific gravity of particle, unit weight of water (default is 9.81 kN/m³), and dry unit weight. All values must be positive numbers.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is a typical range for void ratio in soils?
A: Void ratio typically ranges from 0.3 for dense sands to 1.5 or more for soft clays and organic soils.

Q2: How does void ratio affect soil behavior?
A: Higher void ratios generally indicate looser soils with higher compressibility and lower shear strength.

Q3: What is the relationship between void ratio and porosity?
A: Porosity (n) can be calculated from void ratio using the formula: \( n = \frac{e}{1 + e} \)

Q4: Why is unit weight of water typically 9.81 kN/m³?
A: 9.81 kN/m³ is the standard unit weight of water at 4°C, which is the temperature of maximum density for water.

Q5: Can this formula be used for all soil types?
A: Yes, this formula is applicable for all soil types as long as the input parameters are accurately measured.