Weight Of Liquid Column In Capillary Tube Calculator

Formula Used:

\[ W = \rho \times [g] \times \pi \times (R_c^2) \times h \]

Weight of Liquid Column in Capillary (W):

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1. What is Weight of Liquid Column in Capillary Tube?

The weight of liquid column in capillary tube represents the gravitational force acting on the liquid column that rises or falls in a capillary tube due to capillary action. This phenomenon is governed by the balance between surface tension and gravitational forces.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ W = \rho \times [g] \times \pi \times (R_c^2) \times h \]

Where:

\( W \) — Weight of liquid column (N)
\( \rho \) — Density of the liquid (kg/m³)
\( [g] \) — Gravitational acceleration (9.80665 m/s²)
\( \pi \) — Mathematical constant pi (3.14159)
\( R_c \) — Radius of capillary tube (m)
\( h \) — Height of capillary rise (m)

Explanation: The formula calculates the weight by multiplying the liquid's density, gravitational acceleration, cross-sectional area of the tube (πR²), and the height of the liquid column.

3. Importance of Capillary Weight Calculation

Details: Calculating the weight of liquid column in capillary tubes is crucial for understanding capillary action phenomena, designing microfluidic devices, studying soil moisture movement, and analyzing biological systems where capillary forces play a significant role.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter density in kg/m³, radius in meters, and height in meters. All values must be positive numbers. Ensure consistent units for accurate results.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What factors affect the weight of liquid column in capillary?
A: The weight depends on liquid density, tube radius, height of capillary rise, and gravitational acceleration.

Q2: How does tube radius affect the weight?
A: The weight increases with the square of the tube radius (W ∝ R²), meaning wider tubes have significantly heavier liquid columns.

Q3: Why is this calculation important in practical applications?
A: This calculation is essential in fields like microfluidics, soil science, inkjet printing, and medical diagnostics where capillary action is utilized.

Q4: Does temperature affect the calculation?
A: Yes, temperature affects liquid density and surface tension, which indirectly influences capillary rise height and thus the weight calculation.

Q5: Can this formula be used for any liquid?
A: The formula is valid for any Newtonian liquid, but the actual capillary rise height depends on the liquid's surface tension and contact angle with the tube material.