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The formula A = R_H × p calculates the wetted surface area of a channel, where R_H is the hydraulic radius and p is the wetted perimeter. This relationship is fundamental in open channel hydraulics and fluid mechanics.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: The hydraulic radius represents the ratio of cross-sectional area to wetted perimeter, and multiplying it by the wetted perimeter gives the total wetted surface area.
Details: Accurate calculation of wetted surface area is crucial for determining flow resistance, sediment transport capacity, and heat transfer in open channels. It's essential for designing efficient hydraulic structures and predicting flow behavior.
Tips: Enter hydraulic radius and wetted perimeter in meters. Both values must be positive numbers greater than zero for accurate calculation.
Q1: What is hydraulic radius?
A: Hydraulic radius is defined as the ratio of the cross-sectional area of flow to the wetted perimeter (R_H = A/p).
Q2: How does wetted surface area affect flow characteristics?
A: Larger wetted surface area increases friction with the channel boundaries, which reduces flow velocity and increases energy loss.
Q3: Can this formula be used for pipes?
A: Yes, the formula applies to both open channels and closed conduits running partially full, where the wetted perimeter is clearly defined.
Q4: What are typical units for these measurements?
A: While meters are standard in SI units, any consistent unit system can be used as long as all inputs use the same units.
Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: The calculation is mathematically exact based on the inputs. Accuracy depends on the precision of the measured hydraulic radius and wetted perimeter values.