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The Z21 parameter represents the forward transfer impedance in a two-port network, calculated from the G-parameters (hybrid parameters). It describes the relationship between input voltage and output current in electrical network analysis.
The calculator uses the formula:
Where:
Explanation: This formula converts the hybrid G-parameters to the impedance Z21 parameter, which is useful for analyzing two-port networks in circuit theory.
Details: Accurate calculation of Z21 parameter is crucial for analyzing signal transmission characteristics, designing amplifiers, filters, and other electronic circuits where forward transfer properties are important.
Tips: Enter G21 parameter (unitless) and G11 parameter in Siemens. Ensure G11 parameter is greater than zero to avoid division by zero errors.
Q1: What are G-parameters in network analysis?
A: G-parameters are hybrid parameters that describe the relationship between input current/voltage and output current/voltage in a two-port network.
Q2: What does Z21 parameter represent?
A: Z21 parameter represents the forward transfer impedance, which is the ratio of output voltage to input current when the output port is open-circuited.
Q3: When is this conversion most useful?
A: This conversion is particularly useful when working with hybrid parameter measurements and needing to analyze the circuit using impedance parameters.
Q4: Are there limitations to this formula?
A: This formula assumes linear, time-invariant networks and may not be accurate for non-linear circuits or at very high frequencies.
Q5: What are typical values for G21 and G11 parameters?
A: G21 typically ranges from 0 to several hundred (unitless), while G11 ranges from microsiemens to several siemens depending on the circuit configuration.